Thursday 14 May 2009

Jamestown, Williamsburg and Yorktown at the heart of the history of the United States

Canada was born on 3 July 1608 in Quebec. We have celebrated it last year. A year earlier, on 26 April 1607, three English ships reached the shores of American land to establish the first British colony in the New World. This group of 105 entrepreneurs from the Virginia Company of London and 39 crew members would begin construction on that day, a fort that would take the name of Jamestown, in honor of the King of England. The small river passing nearby would also be called James River. And the whole region would be named Virginia ... the name of the London company which financed the trip.

Four centuries later, tens of thousands of Americans visit the historic site of Jamestown. Queen Elizabeth herself went there in 2007 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the erection of the first British colony in America.

Jamestown is part of the "Historic Triangle" U.S.. The other two points of this triangle is Williamsburg, which was to succeed in Jamestown as the capital of Virginia, and Yorktown, where in October 1781, the Marquis de La Fayette and his fighters in 1200 won a historic victory over British troops, that victory was devote the independence of the United States a few months later. This day was to become, for American poets, that when the world found itself upside down .

It is in this triangle that historic beginning of April, The Sun was invited to accompany a group of women graduating from universities in the region of Quebec. "This is a cultural journey. We are not going there to shop, "said the leader of the trip, Dr. Suzanne Lemire. And nobody had time to shop between 2 and 7 April. The agenda was very busy. Lever to bed around 7am and 22h.

We visited the beautiful village of Intercourse, where the Amish live, through Pennsylvania, the beautiful botanical garden and the Norfolk naval base of the same name, the largest in the world, Virginia. Then, in return, the magnificent home of Monticello, the estate that Thomas Jefferson was built near Charlotteville, Virginia. Another stop was planned at the fabulous museum of Sterling and Francine Clark, heirs to the Singer family.

It is regrettable that the historic triangle of Virginia is completely ignored snowbirds who go back to Florida. It would be insufficient for a little detour of a few kilometers to discover treasures.

Jamestown
Jamestown, the city no longer exists, but you will find, instead, a wonderful museum that tells the story of the discovery of America. A triple woven tight history with whites on the one hand, red skin and other blacks who would develop the Virginia and southern United States as slaves. This museum has long adjacent to three other attractions: a fully refurbished Indian village, a fort built in the same manner as those made at the time, ie with a high wall surrounding a few piles buildings, and a port where the replicas of three ships used to transport British merchants, the Susan Constant, the Godspeed and the Discovery can be visited. In fact, boats are docked at about the same place where they dropped anchor 402 years ago.

Williamsburg
If Jamestown is the hometown of James, Williamsburg is the town of William. Williamsburg was born a few years after Jamestown, around 1674. Its brick church was built in 1683. Ten years later, the College of William and Mary received its royal charter of King William and Queen Mary, making it the second oldest U.S. university after Harvard. The college is still in the middle of Williamsburg.

Williamsburg has lived and survived through the three C's: Church, College and Capitol. We just mention the first two. The third C is the Capitol. When the Statehouse or the State House which was built at Jamestown burned in 1698, in Williamsburg is that we built a new Capitol. Thus was to begin forfeiture of Jamestown and the birth of Williamsburg. It was in Williamsburg that Americans proclaimed the first declaration of human rights (12 June 1776).

Williamsburg is a bit like a city rebuilt around the church, college and the Capitol. The college - the university, in fact - is still popular. A few dozen homes have been moved into the main streets, while others have been restored. The complex, which has roughly the dimensions of the university city of Quebec, has an undeniable historical perspective. The people (except students) are dressed as at the time and only the horse movement is allowed in the main streets. It takes at least two days to visit Williamsburg and Jamestown for a day. There are hotels everywhere. There are houses at low cost.

Yorktown
We do not go to Yorktown, the third edge of the historic triangle. The organization has preferred a visit to the largest naval base in the world, of Norfolk, and especially its vast and extraordinary botanical garden.

But what happened at Yorktown in October 1781? While the British General Charles Cornwallis fought the Carolina continental forces, General George Washington was in New York and New Jersey to fight other British forces supported by German auxiliaries. British and American independence finally met halfway, at Yorktown, and Washington won the battle. But fortunately that the French army under the command of the Marquis de La Fayette, was on hand to give him the victory. The victory at Yorktown was decisive but not final. The war should not stop at the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

This treaty ended the American War of Independence. By this treaty, Britain recognized the independence of its 13 settlements and grants the territory to the Mississippi. We look as the province of Quebec has lost the southern part of the Great Lakes it was obtained by the Quebec Act of 1774. Montreal merchants, who had comptoirs trafficking in the region, had to evacuate within two years after the treaty. The border issue was completely resolved. We had agreed to cross the border as we can see today, in the middle of the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is entirely in the United States. However, west of Lake Superior and between Quebec, New Brunswick and Maine, the matter will be settled later.

Yorktown also deserves a visit one day. The magnificent monument of Victory is on its own three beautiful stars. Some residences in the town of Yorktown will make widening of the eyes. Nelson House is without doubt the most impressive.

In short, the next time you pass by there to go to Miami or Fort Lauderdale, take the time you stop a day or two. You will not regret it. Do not go out this summer. It's too hot and there are too many visitors. Go in the fall or spring. Off season, room rates are more affordable hotels, motels, inns and bed & breakfasts.

It even happens occasionally, we accept Canadian money at par. Inform yourself!

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